VENEZUELA

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This article is about a general set of beliefs about life, purpose, etc.. For other uses, see Religion (disambiguation).

"Religious" redirects here. For a member of a Catholic religious institute, see Religious (Catholicism).

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Religion is an organized collection of beliefs, cultural systems, and world views that relate humanity to an order of existence.[note 1] Many religions have narratives, symbols, and sacred histories that are intended to explain the meaning of life and/or to explain the origin of life or the Universe. From their beliefs about the cosmos and human nature, people derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle. According to some estimates, there are roughly 4,200 religions in the world.[1]

Many religions may have organized behaviors, clergy, a definition of what constitutes adherence or membership, holy places, and scriptures. The practice of a religion may also include rituals, sermons, commemoration or veneration of a deity, gods or goddesses, sacrifices, festivals, feasts, trance, initiations, funerary services, matrimonial services, meditation, prayer, music, art, dance, public service or other aspects of human culture. Religions may also contain mythology.[2]

The word religion is sometimes used interchangeably with faith, belief system or sometimes set of duties;[3] however, in the words of Émile Durkheim, religion differs from private belief in that it is "something eminently social".[4] A global 2012 poll reports that 59% of the world's population is religious, and 36% are not religious, including 13% who are atheists, with a 9 percent decrease in religious belief from 2005.[5] On average, women are more religious than men.[6] Some people follow multiple religions or multiple religious principles at the same time, regardless of whether or not the religious principles they follow traditionally allow for syncretism.[7][8][9]

Contents

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* 1 Etymology

* 2 Definitions

* 3 Theories of religion

o 3.1 Origins and development

o 3.2 Social constructionism

o 3.3 Comparative religion

* 4 Types of religion

o 4.1 Categories

o 4.2 Interfaith cooperation

* 5 Religious groups

o 5.1 Abrahamic

o 5.2 Iranian

o 5.3 Indian

o 5.4 Folk

o 5.5 New

* 6 Issues in religion

o 6.1 Economics

o 6.2 Health

o 6.3 Violence

o 6.4 Law

o 6.5 Science

o 6.6 Animal sacrifice

* 7 Related forms of thought

o 7.1 Superstition

o 7.2 Myth

* 8 Secularism and irreligion

o 8.1 Criticism of religion

* 9 See also

* 10 References

* 11 Notes

* 12 Bibliography

* 13 External links

Etymology

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