Earth Science Review With Answers

Earth Science Final Exam Second Semester

1. Observation of redshift indicates the universe is expanding.

2. What is an advantage of a reflecting telescope? It can focus images perfectly.

3. What makes up the electromagnetic spectrum? All of the wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.

4. Where do scientists put telescopes to avoid interference from Earth’s atmosphere? In space

5. What is an imaginary point directly above an observer’s head? The zenith

6. Radio waves, microwaves, visible light, X-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet light infrared light are found on the electromagnetic spectrum.

7. What does the Earth’s atmosphere do to most types of electromagnetic radiation? Block them

8. How does the Earth’s atmosphere affect starlight? It causes it to shimmer and blur

9. Very Large Array telescopes are the largest telescopes.

10. An advantage of reflecting telescopes over refracting telescopes is that flaws in the glass do not affect the incoming light.

11. Days would be shorter if Earth rotated faster.

12. Circumpolar stars can be seen all night long during the entire year because they are above the Earth’s axes.

13. The vernal equinox is used to establish a star’s right ascension.

14. Copernicus’s theory was not accepted when he first proposed it because he stated that the sun was the center of the universe.

15. An X-ray telescope is NOT used on Earth because X rays are blocked by the Earth’s atmosphere.

16. Ptolemy thought the Earth was at the center of the universe.

17. What blocks most types of electromagnetic radiation? The earth’s atmosphere.

18. What did redshift tell Hubble about the universe? The universe was expanding or getting larger.

19. Why do scientists put telescopes in space? To avoid interference by the earth’s atmosphere.

20. How long does Earth take to orbit once around the sun? One year.

21. How long does Earth take to rotate once on its axis? One day.

22. About how long does the moon take to orbit the Earth? About one month

23. The electromagnetic spectrum includes: radio waves microwaves, infrared light, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, gamma rays, etc.

24. The color of a star depends on its temperature.

25. What can a scientist learn about a star from its spectrum? Its composition and temperature.

26. Why do black lines appear on an absorption spectrum? They show where less light is absorbed by a star’s atmosphere.

27. What color are the hottest stars? Blue

28. The H-R diagram shows the relationship of a star’s surface temperature and its absolute magnitude.

29. What objects are formed from the materials in the core of a supernova? Black holes and neutron stars.

30. Main sequence, red giant, white dwarf.

31. New stars can form from the material of old stars.

32. Galaxy types include: spiral galaxies, irregular galaxies, and elliptical galaxies.

33. Where are globular clusters found? In the spherical halo of spiral galaxies and near elliptical galaxies.

34. Where are open clusters found? Along the spiral disk of galaxies.

35. New stars can form in: some nebulas, elliptical galaxies, arms of spiral galaxies.

36. Why do scientists study distant galaxies? To learn what early galaxies looked like.

37. The universe is expanding.

38. How are objects organized in the universe? Objects are organized according to a loosely repeated pattern and are part of a larger system.

39. What do scientists think will happen to the universe? Some scientist think the universe will always exits.

40. Scientists think that the universe will

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