Estado De Israel

INTRODUCTION

This work contains a historical, economic and social development of a country relatively new with only 63 years of formally constituted into a national state which might be called a nation small in population and territories, but very large as it relates to development.

So we refer in this paper to briefly tell you a little accelerated development that many countries want, I invite you to discover the history of a country built with great difficulty

STATE OF ISRAEL

The State of Israel (מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל); Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎,), is a parliamentary republic in Western Asia, located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and the Gaza Strip on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area Israel is the world's only Jewish-majority state, and is defined as a Jewish and democratic state in its Basic Laws.

Following the 1947 United Nations decision to partition Palestine, on 14 May 1948 David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and president of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared Israel a state independent from the British Mandate for Palestine. Neighboring Arab states invaded the next day in support of the Palestinian Arabs. Since then, Israel has fought a series of wars with neighboring Arab states, and has occupied territories, including the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights, beyond those delineated in the 1949 Armistice Agreements. Portions of these territories, including Jerusalem, have been annexed by Israel but the border with the neighboring West Bank is still not formally defined, as a result of the complex and unresolved political situation. Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, but efforts by elements on both sides of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict to solve the problem diplomatically have so far met with little or no success. Former Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin pushed for a two-state solution in the 1990s, but was assassinated by a Jewish nationalist

The population of Israel, defined by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics to include all citizens or nationals, but not foreign workers, within Israel itself and in the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories, was estimated in June 2011 to be 7,751,000 people, of whom 5,818,200 are Jewish. Arabs form by far the country's second-largest ethnic group, which includes Muslims and Christians. Other minorities are Druze, Circassians and Samaritans. At the end of 2005, 93% of the Arab population of East Jerusalem had permanent residency and 5% had Israeli citizenship. In the Golan Heights, Druze is entitled to citizenship but most of them have rejected it in favor of "loyalty to Syria." According to a 2008 census, 1,579,700 Arabs and Druze live in East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights.

Israel is a developed country and a representative democracy with a parliamentary system and universal suffrage. The Prime Minister serves as head of government and the Knesset serves as Israel's unicameral legislative body. The economy, based on the nominal gross domestic product, was the 42nd-largest in the world in 2010 and it has one of the highest life expectancies in the world. Jerusalem is the country's capital, although it is not recognized internationally as such. In 2010, Israel joined the OECD.

The name

The name Israel has historically been used, in common and religious usage, to refer to the biblical Kingdom of Israel or the entire Jewish nation. According to the Hebrew Bible the name "Israel" was given to the patriarch Jacob "persevere with God" after he successfully wrestled with an angel of God. Jacob's twelve sons became the ancestors of the Israelites, also known as the Twelve Tribes of Israel or Children of Israel. Jacob and his sons had lived in Canaan but were forced by famine to go into Egypt for four generations until Moses, a great-great grandson of Jacob,[33] led the Israelites back into Canaan in the "Exodus". The earliest archaeological artifact to mention the word "Israel" is the Merneptah Stele of ancient Egypt (dated to the late 13th century BCE

The area is also known as the Holy Land, being holy for all Abrahamic religions including Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the Bahá'í Faith. Prior to the 1948 Israeli Declaration of Independence, the whole region was known by various other names including Southern Syria, Syria Palestina, Kingdom of Jerusalem, Iudaea Province, Coele-Syria, Retjenu, Canaan and, particularly, Palestine.

The history of Israel as God's people begins with the covenant that God established with His people. Canaan is the Promised Land. Stands beside the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River crossing.

The patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Moses were the leaders and taught them to trust God.

Canaan the Israelites fled from hunger and settled in Egypt. Lived there as slaves.

Moses, helped by God, guided by pueblod and Israel back to Canaan. Crossed the desert and took 40 years to arrive. Along the way, God gave the tablets of the Law, which were kept in the Ark of the Covenant.

Once in Canaan were organized into 12 tribes. First, the judges ruled the country and, later, the kings David and Solomon. Time of the kings began to write the Bible and built the Temple in Jerusalem.

King Rehoboam was not accepted by the tribes and the country was divided into two kingdoms: _ to the north, Israel and southern Judah.

The Jewish people were invaded by enemies who destroyed the Temple in Jerusalem were exiled from their country and lived for50 years in Babylon.

Returned under the dominion of the Persians, reorganized their lives and rebuilt the Temple.

The country was conquered again, first by the Greeks and then by the Romans. Under the domination of the Roman Empire was born Jesus,

Foreign Relations

Israel maintains diplomatic relations with 161 countries and has 94 diplomatic missions around the world.[191] Only three members of theArab League have normalized relations with Israel; Egypt and Jordan signed peace treaties in 1979 and 1994, respectively, and Mauritania opted for full diplomatic relations with Israel in 1999. Despite the peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, Israel is still widely considered an enemy country among Egyptians.

As a result of the 2009 Gaza War, Mauritania, Qatar, Bolivia, and Venezuela suspended

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