Modelo de competitividad de destinos turistico.

[pic 1]

Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Gastronomy

Management in Tourism

Course: Desarrollo turístico

MODEL OF DESTINATION COMPETITIVENES

Research Project 1

Torre Huamán, Ruth Cyntia

Teacher:

Claudia Gil Arroyo

2016-02

INTRODUCTION

According to classes and developed readings, it shows that if a tourist destination wants to be competitive in the domestic and international markets, especially keeping long-term, sustainable manner; it requires a painstaking study of the environment both internally and externally. Since these allow the appropriate action in the current situation and to its changes, for efficient management. So, how can you do, what procedure to follow, what to investigate.

Therefore, in this paper, a model study of the internal environment, so as to achieve the competitiveness of the destination through the analysis of the internal environment of each destination is presented. There are many models that have been developed over the years, by different authors; however, the model presented is a new proposal developed by Paulino Jimenez and Fulvia Aquino, the document is "Proposal for a model of competitiveness of tourist destinations", developed in 2012, in Argentina.

JIMENES & AQUINO MODEL (2012): MODEL OF DESTINATION COMPETITIVENES

This destination study, allow to analyze the destination competitiveness, although continuous groups of factors with usual effects and consequences  in relation of the tourist with the destination, facts that happens in different times and the results about the tourist satisfaction, the environmental care, equity and the economic efficiency. So, this model, not only consider the resources, activities and processes, but also in the results of touristic activities, the level of responsible use of the resources and its socioeconomic effects.

According this proposal, it brake the idea of that all factors have the same level of importance, because it search to reduce the risks of generate average results, because, according that, each factor has different effects in intensity and time.

This model is based of Ritchie &Crouch model (2000), Dwyer & Kim model (2003), but its organization and factors relationship is different. However, this model is general. So, it is necessary to adjust according each destination, depending its size and life cycle phase.

This model is composed for four blocks factors:

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1. Accessibility

This factor is considered essential for the assessment of the competitiveness of the destination, as the enjoyment of tourists takes place in situ, therefore they must move from their place to the tourist attraction. Therefore, it is necessary the existence of adequate infrastructure and transportation.

For example, if a destination have beautiful resources or attraction, but, it isn´t accessible (poor roads, high rates, etc.) maybe its destination won´t be competitive.

This factor is divided in four types:

1. Terrestrial[pic 4][pic 5]
2. Aerial
3. Maritime[pic 6]
4. Market[pic 7]

1. Amplifiers or reducers

These factors can enlarge or reduce the possibility that the destination is visited by more or less tourists. It mean, it can encourage or discourage the decision of the tourist to travel.

This factor is divided in six types:

1. Geographic localization: This concerns to physic distances (distance-nearness)
2. Safety perception: This is as a result of increased crime and terrorism.
3. Image and positioning
4. Price
5. Culture distance: It is associated with language, religion, political regimes, customs, etc.
6. Legal restrictions: The set of restrictions that may be legal, administrative or consequence of temporality type.

Generally, these factors can increase tourist flows to the place and make it more competitive or have the opposite effect.

1. Destination conditions

This group of factors is composed of elements that make up the destination and its current demand:

1. Factors support

- Infrastructure: Land access, port, airport and railway

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