Glosario términos petroleros

A

WORD IN ENGLISH

WORD IN SPANISH

CONCEPT

Absolute or total porosity

Porosidad absoluta o total

The sum of the volumen of the non-interconnected pores plus the volumen of the interconnected pores is equal to the total volumen of the pores of the rock, then absolute porosity equals the sum of the effective porosity plus the non-effective porosity.

Accumulation

Acumulación

Natural occurrence of an individual body of oil in a field.

Adapter Bonette

Bonette adaptador

Cap covering head, usually with four peaks gradates.

B

Basement

Basamento

Sedimentary matter composed of igneous or metamorphic rocks.

Base fluid oil

Fluido de base aceite

The oil in its main component and at most contain less tan 10% water emulsified in a general composition. This fluid may be mineral or distilled oil.

Barrels per day

Barriles por día

In terms of production the number of barrels of oil produced by a well in a period of 24 hours.

Barrel

Barril

Unit volumen for oil and hydrocarbons by-products.

Basin

Cuenca

Receptacle where a sedimentary column is deposited and that shares several stratigraphic levels a common tectonic history

C

Cementation

Cementación

Is a heat treatment that is applied on a piece of Steel.

Condensates

Condensados

Natural gas liquids consisting mainly of pentanes and heavier hydrocarbon compenentes.

Craking

Craking

Heat and pressore processes that transforms hydrocarbons of high molecular weight and high boiling point into hyd.

D

Delimitation

Delimitación

Exploration activity that increases or reduces reserves by means of wellbore delimiters.

Density

Densidad

Intensive property of matter that relates the mass of a substance and it volumen through the quotient between these two quantities.

Density API

Densidad API

Measurement of the density of liquid petroleum produts.

Dome saline

Domo salino

Dome-shaped structure formed of strata whose central parto r nucleus consists of rock salt

E

Evaporites

Evaporitas

Sedimentary rocks mainly composed by salt, anhidrite or plaster results of evaporation in áreas near the coast.

Exploration

Exploración

Set of field and office activities whose main objective is to discover new hydrocarbon deposits.

Extration

Extracción

Activity fir the production of hydrocarbons including well drilling.

F

Flow cross

Cruz de flujo

Device for measuring the velocity of the fluid in a production well. The device measures the trnsit time of sefareted by a fixed distance.

Fluid

Fluido

Is a set of particles that are kept united between if by forces cohesive weak and the walls of a container, the term encompasses to the liquid and the gas.

Failure

Falla

Surface of ruptura of the geological layers along which there has been differential movement.

Fracture

Fractura

Is the recovery under pressure in two or more pieces of a soild body.

G

Gauge

Manómetro

In a drilling context, a gauge is the diameter of the bit of the hole drilled by the bit when there are no washouts.

Generating rocks

Roca generadora

Know as rock mother is whre collects the organic matter from animal and plant were incorporated in the mud fund seas and lakes.

H

Head TP

Cabezal TP

Usually used with reference to a true sector or part of a machine.

hydrocarbons

Hidrocarburos

Group of organic compounds containing mainly carbón and hydrogen.

K

Kerogen

Kerogeno

Insoluble organic matter dispersed in the sedimentary rocks that produce hydorarbons when subjected to a distillation process.

L

Limotite

Limolita

Fine- grained sedimentary rock that is transported by water.

M

Migration

Migración

Term used in exploration to dominate the movement that undergoes the oil of the place dinde was formed until the storing rock or trap.

Maya raw

Crudo maya

Crude oil with desity of 22% API 1.3 by weight of sulfur

O

Oil

Petróleo

Mixture of carbides of hydrogen that exists in phase liquid in the deposits and remains so in conditions original of pressure and temperature. You can include small amounts of substances that are not hydrogen carbides.

Oil tramp

Trampa de aceite

It is a geological estructure that makes possible the accumulation and concentration of the oil, keeping it trapped and with out possibility to escape the pores of a permeable underground rock.

Olive oil

Crudo olmeca

Sipe light crude oil with density of 39% API 0.8 sulfur.

P

Perforation

Perforación

A hole made through the casing and cement and into the formation. It has a characteristic entrance hole and penetration. It is the flow path from the formation to the wellbore in a cased and cemented completion.

Permeability

Permeabilidad

Storage rock feature that allows the movement of fluids through interconnected pores.

Petroleum engineer

Ing. Petrolero

Is the part of engineering combining methods scientific and practical oriented development of techniques to discover and explore.

Pipe of coating

Tubería de revestimiento

Steel pipe cemented in place during the construction process to stabilize the wellbore.

Pipelines

Tuberías

Is a duct that meets the funtion of transport water or other fluids.

R

Radiation

Radiación

Radiation is the propagative of energy in the form of electromagnetic wave sor subatomic particies trough the vecuum or a material médium.

Raw isthmus

Crudo istmo

Crude oil with density of 33.6 digiess API and 1.3% by weight of sulfur.

Resolutions

Resoluciones

Is a condition in which seeks to determine the solution of a particular cuircunstances.

Revolutions

Revoluciones

Attempt to file a change in the economy.

S

Shale

Lutita

Sedimentary fine grain sedimentary rock formed by the consolidation of clay and silt particles.

Surface

Superficie

In geography resfersto the arey occupied territory that is taken the length an altitude.

Survery valve

Válvula de sondeo

Generaly butterfly valve that regulates the air intake in the carburetor

Steering Wheel

Volante

Is one thing round serving to decide to that party rowing direct flow.

T

Thotle

Extrangulador

Mode operations fixed to the section of the against well

Tramp

Trampa

Oil exploration that defines an oil deposit with a geometry tha allows the concentration of hydrocarbons

Tree valve

Árbol de válvulas

The set of valves doublé flanges and fittings connected to the upper end the well to direct and control the flow of well formation fluids.

Treatment

Tratamiento

Conditioning of petroleum which includes alll industrial processes carried out outside a contractual area

W

Water  

Agua

Substance liquid without smell, color or taste that is located inthe nature in state more or less pure forming rivers, lakes and seas, occupies them three fourth parts of the planet earth and form part of them beings live.

Water base fluid

 Fluido base agua

Ther are used in the drilling of Wells in depressed formations and depths up to 3,000 m.