Las figuras literarias

Las figuras literarias son formas no convencionales de utilizar las palabras, de manera que, aunque se emplean con sus acepciones habituales (aspecto que las diferencia de los tropos), se acompañan de algunas particularidades fónicas, gramaticales o semánticas, que las alejan de ese uso habitual, por lo que terminan por resultar especialmente expresivas. Debido a esto, su uso es característico, aunque en modo alguno exclusivo, de las obras literarias.

Up to this point, early psychology stressed conscious human experience. An Austrian physician named Sigmund Freud changed the face of psychology in a dramatic way, proposing a theory of personality that emphasized the importance of the unconscious mind. Freud’s clinical work with patients suffering from hysteria and other ailments led him to believe that early childhood experiences and unconscious impulses contributed to the development of adult personality and behavior.

In his book The Psychopathology of Everyday Life, Freud detailed how these unconscious thoughts and impulses are expressed, often through slips of the tongue (known as "Freudian slips") and dreams. According to Freud, psychological disorders are the result of these unconscious conflicts becoming extreme or unbalanced. The psychoanalytic theory proposed by Sigmund Freud had a tremendous impact on 20th-century thought, influencing the mental health field as well as other areas including art, literature and popular culture. While many of his ideas are viewed with skepticism today, his influence on psychology is undeniable.

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