A SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION OF MAIN CHEMICAL REACTIONS CARRIED OUT OF CARBON CYCLE

A SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION OF MAIN CHEMICAL REACTIONS CARRIED OUT OF CARBON CYCLE

Plant photosynthesis and animal respiration form a carbon cycle, where plants consume CO2 and release oxygen (O2), while animals consume oxygen and release the CO2 that is then used by plants.

• Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is chemical reaction to utilize carbon dioxide molecules from the air and water molecules and the energy from the sun to produce a simple sugar such as glucose and oxygen molecules as a by product.

An important summary statement is that during photosynthesis plants use carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.

It is also considered the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

• Cellular respiration

Is the process by which microorganisms obtain the energy available in carbohydrates. They take the carbohydrates into their cytoplasm, and through a complex series of metabolic processes, they break down the carbohydrate and release the energy. This carbon dioxide can be used by photosynthesizing cells to form new carbohydrates.

Respiration is a three-step process that includes glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and a bunch of electrons being pushed around the membranes of mitochondria. Together they take that energy out of the sugar-related molecules. Glucose is combined with oxygen and releases usable energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

C6H12O6 + O2--> Usable Energy (ATP) + CO2 + H2O

HOW HAS INCREASED THE CONCENTRATION OF CO IN THE ATMOSPHERE? AND WHAT HAS INCREASED REACTIONS

Due to human activities, the present concentration of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere is the highest in the past 800,000 years, CO2 is a potent greenhouse gas and plays a vital role in regulating Earth's surface temperature through radiative forcing and the greenhouse effect.[3]

Carbon dioxide has increased due to the use of fuels for transportation, heating and air conditioning of buildings, production of cement and other goods. With deforestation CO2 is released and the absorption of CO2 plant is reduced. Carbon dioxide is also released in natural processes such as decomposition of vegetable matter.

The recent phenomenon of global warming has been attributed primarily to increasing industrial CO2 emissions into Earth's atmosphere.

increase in the level of CO2

type of plant proportional increase

C3 %41

C4 %22

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