El pasado simple de los verbos regulares e irregulares

El pasado simple de los verbos regulares e irregulares

Pasado simple (verbos regulares)

Afirmativo

I worked.

You worked.

He worked.

She worked.

It worked.

We worked.

You worked.

They worked.

Forma afirmativa:

Sujeto + infinitive del verbo sin to + ed.

I watched TV yesterday.

Ortografía

* Con la mayoría de los vebos, se añade –ed al infinitive sin to.

work - worked

* Con verbos acabados en –e, se añade –d.

live - lived

* Con verbos acabados en consonante + y, la y se sustituye por –ied.

study - studied

* Con verbos acabados en consonante, vocal, consonante, la consonante se duplica y se añade –ed.

travel - travelled

Pasado simple (verbos irregulares)

El pasado simple de algunos verbos ingleses no acaba en –ed, sino que tiene una forma irregular, que es la misma para todas las personas.

`have´ se convierte en `had´

I had

You had

He had

She had

It had

We had

You had

They had

Los verbos irregulars no siguen normas ortográficas generales, por lo que hay que aprendérselos de memoría.

Lista de verbos irregulares

Infinitivo - Pasado simple - Traducción

be - was, were - ser, estar

become - became - convertirse en, volverse

begin - began - empezar

break - broke - romper(se)

build - built - construir

buy - bought - comprar

can - could - poder, saber

catch - caught - coger

come - came - venir

cost - cost - costar

do - did - hacer

draw - drew - dibujar

drink - drank - beber

drive - drove - conducir

eat - ate - comer

feel - felt - sentir(se), notar

fight - fought - luchar

find - found - encontrar

fly - flew - volar

forget - forgot - olvidar

get - got - conseguir

get up - got up - levantarse

give - gave - dar

go - went - ir(se)

have - had - haber, tener

hold - held - agarrar, sujetar

keep - kept - guarder, mantener(se)

know - knew - saber, conocer

learn - learnt - aprender

leave - left - abandoner, irse (de)

let - let - dejar

lose - lost - perder

make - made - hacer

meet - met - conocer, encontrarse (con)

pay - paid - pagar

read - read - leer

ride - rode - montar a (caballo), andar en (bici…)

run - ran - correr

say - said - decir

see - saw - ver

send - sent - mandar, enviar

shine - shone - brillar

sing - sang - cantar

sit - sat - sentarse

sleep - slept - dormir

speak - spoke - hablar

spend - spent - gastar, pasar(tiempo)

steal - stole - robar

swim - swam - nadar

take - took - coger

teach - taught - enseñar

think - thought - pensar

wear - wore - vestir, llevar puesto

write - wrote - escribir

Pasado simple (verbos regulares e irregulares)

Negativo

I didn´t work.

You didn´t work.

He didn´t work.

She didn´t work.

It didn´t work.

We didn´t work.

You didn´t work.

They didn´t work.

Interrogativa

Did I work?

Did you work?

Did he work?

Did she work?

Did it work?

Did we work?

Did you work?

Did they work?

Respuestas Breves

Afirmativa

Yes, I did.

Yes, you did.

Yes, he did.

Yes, she did.

Yes, it did.

Yes, we did.

Yes, you did.

Yes, they did.

Negativa

No, I didn´t.

No, you didn´t.

No, he didn´t.

No, she didn´t.

No, it didn´t.

No, we didn´t.

No, you didn´t.

No, they didn´t.

El las frases negativas e interrogativas, así como en las respuestas breves, el auxiliar es el mismo para todas las personas.

Frases Negativas:

I didn´t.

You didn´t.

He didn´t.

She didn´t.

It didn´t.

We didn´t.

You didn´t.

They didn´t.

Frases interrogativas:

Did I?

Did you?

Did he?

Did she?

Did it?

Did we?

Did you?

Did they?

Recuerda:

* En las frases negativas e interrogativas, siempre se debe utilizar el infinitivo del verbo sin to.

She didn´t phone her

No se puede decir: She didn´t phoned her.

Did you study yesterday?

No se puede decir: Did you studied yesterday?

* En las preguntas que contienen partículas interrogativas (what, when, who, why, where), estas se colocan delante del auxiliar did.

Where did you go?

Who did he visit?

Usos:

El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de acciones que sucedieron en un momento concreto del pasado. En estas frases aparecen expresiones de tiempo tales como yesterday (ayer), last week (la semana pasada), last night (anoche), etc.

I played football last Saturday. We went shopping yesterday.

Ago

* Ago se traduce por ¨hace¨ y se refiere a una acción del pasado, a algo que ya ha acabado.

They travelled to London three days ago.

* Ago no puede encabazar una expression de tiempo.

ten years ago

No se puede decir: ago ten years

Ejercicios

A. Completar las frases

Ejemplo:

I didn´t watch TV last night.

1. On Saturday I ____________ (play) computer games with my cousins.

2. My mum ____________ (not cook) dinner last night.

3. I ____________ (walk) to school because there weren´t any buses.

4. They ____________ (not dance) at the party.

5. My brother ____________ (travel) to Ireland last summer.

Las respuestas correctas

1. On Saturday I played computer games with my cousins.

2. My mum didn´t cook dinner last night.

3. I walked to school because there weren´t any buses.

4. They didn´t dance at the party.

5. My brother travelled to Ireland last summer.

B. Escribe el pasado simple de estos verbos

1. copy __________

2. revise __________

3. cycle __________

4. listen __________

5. practice __________

6. play __________

7. like __________

8. move __________

9. shout __________

10. start __________

Las respuestas correctas

1. copy copied

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