TERREMOTO - SISMO

TERREMOTO - SISMO[pic 1]

PRESENTA:

LAURA MARICELA VELASCO CRISTANCHO ID: 000700257

DOCENTE:

WILLIAM PORTELA CUEVAS

INGENIERO CIVIL

CORPORACION UNIVERSITARIA MINUTO DE DIOS “UNIMINUTO”

FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS DE INGENIERÍA

INGENIERÍA CIVIL

ASIGNATURA: ELECTIVA CPC (GEOLOGÍA)

COLOMBIA _ CIUDAD GIRARDOT.                                                                   FEBRERO, 28 DEL 2020

CONTENIDO

Pág.

1.        INTRODUCTION        3

2.        OBJECTIVES        4

3.        TERREMOTOS – SISMOS        5

3.1        SISMOS: Causas, características e impactos        5

3.2        CAUSAS        6

3.3        ¿QUÉ PASA EN LA ZONA DE SUBDUCCIÓN?        8

3.4        CARACTERÍSTICAS        10

3.5        IMPACTO        12

3.6        TIPOS DE SISMOS        14

3.6.1        SISMOS NATURALES        15

3.6.2        SISMOS ARTIFICIALES        15

3.6.3        MICROSISMOS        15

3.6.4        SISMOS MENORES        15

3.6.5        SISMO LIGERO        16

3.6.6        SISMO MODERADO        16

3.6.7        SISMO FUERTE        16

3.6.8        SISMO MAYOR        16

3.6.9        GRAN SISMO        16

3.6.10        SISMO PERIMÉTRICO        17

3.6.11        MAREMOTOS        17

3.6.12        SISMO OSCILATORIO        17

4.        ONDAS SISMICAS.        18

4.1        TIPOS DE ONDAS SISMICAS        19

4.1.1        4.1.1 ONDAS PRIMARIAS (P)        19

4.1.2        ONDAS SECUNDARIAS (S)        19

4.1.3        ONDAS DE RAYLEIGH        19

4.1.4        ONDAS DE LOVE        20

5.        CONCLUSION        21

1. INTRODUCTION

       Earthquakes or earthquakes (larger earthquakes), also known as telluric movements due to their relationship with the Earth as a planet, are the result of the breakdown of rocks, suddenly releasing energy at a certain point in the earth's crust. This energy is transmitted in the form of seismic waves, it spreads away from its point of origin, just as in a pond the waves make them away from the point where we throw a stone. The place under the earth where the earthquake is generated is called a hypocenter, and its projection towards the surface epicenter.

The earthquake is one of the natural phenomena that has caused more terror and more damage to humanity. The struggle of man to achieve his control has been hard, however today there is much information that although he does not avoid them completely, he will avoid incalculable damage. Earthquakes are caused by volcanic activity although they are not so common, the sinking of underground cavities that do not release much energy so they are not of great importance or tectonic displacements of the earth's crust, according to researchers agree that the continents are continually choosing against each other and that these changes in position are the cause of the largest earthquakes in the world. In the places where these movements occur, many cubic kilometers of rock are drastically deformed, the energy accumulating as in a tensioned spring.

1. OBJECTIVES

Among the objectives of the Seismic Prevention, the following can be highlighted:

• Preserve man and his property from the harmful effects of the earthquake.

 • Provide criteria that help to improve the safety of infrastructure works of a special nature and to anticipate the response they must present in case of an earthquake.

• Raise public awareness about the application of earthquake resistant construction standards, to be applied in regions where there is seismic activity.

• Recommend behavior patterns to be followed by people and the community, in the face of an earthquake.

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