ENSAYO DE ADMINISTRACION.

Essay

Nature of the organization, entrepreneurship and reengineering

     The organizational role is a set of procedures for the optimal development of the company's organizational structure, setting objectives, planning, organizational components, , administrative authority, purpose of the organization, the principle of unity of purpose, principle of organizational efficiency, authority, division and specialization of labor, unity of command and authority and hierarchy are among many the set of components that comprise it.

     The organization is a set of charges whose rules and norms of behavior, must be subject to all its members and thus fend medium that allows a company to achieve certain target.

There are two types of organization:

     The formal organization that is based on a rational division of labor, differentiation and integration of the participants according to any criteria established by those who drive the decision-making process. It is the planned organization; which is on the paper.  It is generally approved by management and communicated to everyone through manuals of organization, job descriptions, organization charts, rules and procedures, etc.

     The informal organization is the one that emerges spontaneously and naturally among people who occupy positions in the formal organization and from the relationships they establish with each other as office holders. It is formed from the relations of friendship or antagonism or the emergence of informal groups that do not appear in the chart, or any other formal document. The informal organization is made up of social interactions and relationships between people located in certain positions of the formal organization. It arises from the relationships and interactions imposed by formal organization to carry out the charge.

     An important aspect of the organization is the establishment of departments. The word indicates an area department, division or branch of an organization defined on which an administrator has the authority to perform specific activities.

     A department can be the production division, the sales department, the section of market research, etc. It may also indicate hierarchical relationships.

     The purpose of organizing is to give human cooperation efficiency, the ratio of the levels of the organization is in the limitations section of administration. In other words, the organizational levels exist because there is a limit to the number of people that an administrator can monitor effectively, although this limit varies according to different situations.

     There are many problems due to organizational levels, for example:

     First levels are expensive. As they grow, it devotes more and more effort and money to the Admin., Due to the need for additional administrators, advisory groups to help and the requirement to coordinate departmental activities, as well as the costs of facilities for personnel.

     Secondly, departmental levels complicate communication. A company with many levels have greater difficulty communicating the objectives, plans and policies in descending through the organizational structure that one in which the CEO communicates directly with employees. As information travels down the chain of command omissions and misinterpretations occur.

     Finally, many departments and levels complicate planning and control. A plan at the highest level can be defined and complete, lose coordination and clarity as is divided into the lower levels. Control becomes more difficult as levels and managers are added.

     Organizational Climate refers to the characteristics of the working environment. These characteristics are directly or indirectly received by workers who work in that environment. It also has an impact on the job performance. These organizational characteristics are relatively permanent over time, differ from one organization to another and from one section to another within the same company.

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