La importancia de la administración en la empresa

The importance of management in the company

Julio César Méndez Rosey

Agustin Reyes Ponce.

"The administration is the systematic set of rules to ensure maximum efficiency in the ways to structure and manage a social organism."

José Antonio Fernández Arenas.

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"Social Science which seeks the satisfaction of institutional objectives by means of a mechanism of operation and through human effort."

Heinz Weihrich and Harold Koontz.

"The administration is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which, working in groups, individuals meet efficiently specific objectives".

George R. Terry.

"The administration is a very particular process consisting in the activities of planning, organization, execution and control, performed to determine and achieve the objectives with the use of human and other resources."

On the basis of the concepts set out by the authors, we can conclude that:

The administration is an efficient process to achieve the objectives of the Organization, through the coordination of all the resources and with the collaboration of the human factor.

2. Features

The administration is based on the following characteristics, according to Reyes Ponce and Hugo Rojas and Aguilar :

1. Its universality.

The administration is given in all types of organizations, whether state, army, businesses, churches, family, etc.

2. Its specificity.

The administration has its own characteristics that are unmistakable with other sciences, although assisted them.

3. Your temporary drive.

In the administration, are always giving all or some parts of the administrative process.

4. Its hierarchical unit.

Always respected authority levels that are established within the organization.

5. Instrumental value.

The administration is a means to an end, since its purpose is eminently practical and through this seeks to obtain certain results.

6. Flexibility.

The administration is adapted to the particular needs of each organization.

7. Breadth of exercise.

This applies at all levels of an organization.

3. Importance

In accordance with Agustin Reyes Ponce and Joaquin Rodriguez Valencia , the importance of the administration is based on the following points:

1. The administration is given wherever it exists an organization.
2. The success of a company or social organism, is due to good management.
3. For large companies, scientific management is essential.
4. For small and medium-sized companies, the most appropriate way to compete with other is the improvement of its administration, in other words, having a better coordination of their resources including the human.
5. To achieve an increase in productivity will depend on a proper administration.
6. For organizations that are in the process of development, the main element to develop their productivity and competitiveness with other is to improve the quality in its administration.

4. Principles of Management

The Free Encyclopedia Salvat tells us that a principle is:

"Any of the first proposals or truths where do you start to study, and are the rudiments and as the foundations of them."

For nearly all of the classic authors of the administration, define the principles:

"How rules or "laws" capable of solving the problems of a social organism."

Therefore, we can say that the principles of management are:

Primary truths that serve as a guide to solving problems within the organization.

In the year of 1911, Frederick W. Taylor published his work "The principles of Sicentific Management.", and establishes four basic principles of scientific management that are the following:

1. Principle of planning.

In which prevents the worker improvise their work

2. Principle of preparation.

At this point is achieved that the employee obtains a training to develop their work and, therefore, improves your productivity.

3. Principle of Control.

It oversees the worker to perform their jobs properly

4. Principle of implementation.

It distributes the responsibility in the work of work.

Taylor began to create the principles according to observations made at that time, thinking about getting the best productivity on the basis of times and movements.

In France, Henri Fayol published his book called "Administration Industrielle et Générale" in the year of 1916, where they appear for the first time the principles of the administration, which are the following:

1. Division of labor.

This principle refers to the way to specialize the functions of the members of the organization

2. Authority and responsibility.

Fayol considers related authority and responsibility, pointing out that there cannot be one without the other and vice versa.

3. Discipline.

The members of the organization must conform to the established rules.

4. Control Unit.

This means that every employee should receive orders only of a boss.

5. Steering unit.

The goals and plans of the organization must be guided and coordinated by a single head.

6. Subordination of individual interest to the general interest.

This tells us that the interests of the organization must be met before personal interests.

7. Remuneration of staff.

The members of the organization must receive a fair pay according to the work carried out within this.

8. Centralization.

The authority should be concentrated or dispersed in the organization, according to the circumstances that determine the best final results to the same.

9. Line of Authority.

The members of each organization are governed by a string that starts with the highest step down to the lowest.

10. Order

This point for the organization, can be defined as "every thing in its place and a place for everything"

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