Cocinas De Inducción Monografia

CHAPTER I

INDUCTION STOVES

1.1 What is induction stove?

It is a cooking system. According to studies turns out to be twice as efficient as the gas stove, is faster and much cooler to operate than an electric stove.

The induction stove is basically composed of a coil of wire wide flat copper that is the heart of the kitchen. The electrical current flowing through this coil generates an electromagnetic field of intensity that, when a traversing on a suitable material such as an iron pan, it generates an excess of energy that it is converted into heat. The temperature increase is faster than in a conventional electric stove and the temperature control is instantaneous, such as turning off a gas flame.

From another view induction system uses a "burner" kitchen and efficient induction stove, technically speaking it is a pot with magnetic base, there is also an electromagnetic coil under the "burner". When this pot is placed on the ceramic burner, creates an electrical resistance, this activates molecules in the pot, which produces heat, but only to the same pot.

This system is less expensive than the regular gas stove, is safer because it does not use an open flame and no smoke also. Finally, it has almost 90% efficiency and maintenance free.

The cooking system applied magnetics induction hob plates of 6 mm thickness allows fast cooking and completely safe with no thermal dispersion. The cooking area of 280 mm in diameter, with a specific power output of 5 kW each was immediately activated only when in contact with the bottom of the pots to specific magnetic induction. The area is not in contact with the pots stays cool.

Induction is the most evolved form of cooking, safe, economical and fast.

1.2 Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

It is a hydrocarbon derived from petroleum, which is obtained during the refining process of another derivative called gasoline. It occurs in the vapor state but becomes liquid by simultaneous compression and cooling of these vapors, requiring 273 liters of steam to one liter of liquid gas.

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is a mixture of gases in liquefied natural or petroleum gas dissolved. The components of LPG, although at ambient temperature and pressure are gases, are easy to blend, hence its name. In practice, it can be said that the LPG is a mixture of propane and butane.

1.2.1 Characteristics of Liquefied Petroleum Gas

• OCCURS IN STATE OF STEAM, but quite easily liquefied by compression and cooling.

• NO COLOR, it's clear as water in its liquid state.

• NO ODOR and liquefies when it occurs, but it adds a pungent substance to detect leaking when called ethanethiol.

• NO TOXIC, only displaces oxygen, so it is not like a long time to breathe .

• IS VERY FLAMMABLE when vaporized escapes and turns violently with the slightest spark or flame.

• EXCESSIVELY COLD, by passing rapidly from liquid to steam therefore in contact with always produce burns. The same way fire does.

• IT IS CLEAN; when it burns properly combined with air, so there is no soot, or leaves a bad taste in foods prepared with it.

• ECONOMIC, its performance compared to other fuels.

• IT IS HEAVIER THAN AIR, so the escaping gas will tend to occupy the lower, as the floor, tanks and wells in the area have parties.

1.2.2 The use of LPG in Ecuador

According to reports issued by government agencies, 96 % of the demand of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is for home or residential sector and the remaining 4 % is used for industrial and commercial use. However, realistically estimated that 59 % goes to the domestic sector, 11% for industrial and commercial use, 8% to vehicular use, and the 22% to the smuggling across borders.

Prices of LPG production and import prices are higher than domestic sales, so the gas has a very high subsidy, for 15 kg cylinder is sold at USD 1.60 while the actual cost is around USD 12.00, equivalent to a subsidy of 650 % compared to its actual price . In Colombia 15 kg cylinder value fivefold to 7.65 USD, Peru and its value is U.S. $ 15.30.

The use of LPG is presented in terms of socio-economic strata, which shows that the poorest stratum used mainly LPG ( 97.65 % ) for the preparation of food while the richest for other purposes such as in the following table business (9.23 % , 0.28 % vehicle , heating 12.46 %).

Quintiles of households use LPG in Ecuador.

1.3 Differences between using Liquefied Gas cooking and electromagnetic energy

In traditional cooking equipment, the heating process takes place by conduction and radiation of heat through several elements, which are first heated and then drive: the resistance plate, the cooking vessel and finally the food. In the induction cooking system, however, the transformation of heat energy is produced directly in the cooking vessel.

By induction cooking, the container holding the food directly and gradually heated, while the glass ceramic surface remains cool, marginally warmed by heat generated by contacting the same vessel.

Therefore, foods that are full of pots do not burn and can be removed easily and quickly, both during cooking and at the end of it.

The risk of burns is minimized.

The kitchen environment is much more comfortable thanks to the low heat emission.

1.4 Requirements for installing an induction cooker

Check if the residence has a meter for 220 volt (v).

For the use of an electric induction stove must be verified in the front of your meter to be biphasic or triphasic and current carrying capacity of 220v.

The induction stoves must be constructed so that the work surface and all the kitchen itself, cannot rotate during normal operation.

The outlet where you will connect the induction stove can change according to the model kitchen is gained. This can have three or even four feet, depending on the model kitchen. Check the type of outlet required and specified by the manufacturer and seller of the appliance.

1.5 Cabling

The induction stove must include a power cord. If the connection is going to work in the operating range of 120 V should include a plug Type A or Type B. If the casing is metal material necessarily the plug must be type B. The supply hose has 4 wires: 2-phase, ground and neutral wires colors are brown (phase), blue (phase), ground (yellow- green) and black.

1.6 Temperature

The induction model heats twice as fast than a conventional hob. They are able to detect the shape and size of the container and you can choose the exact

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