INGLÉS I – INGENIERÍA EN AERONÁUTICA

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Actividad de practica N°4

Ingles I Aeronáutica

Johan Mauricio Lozano

Prof:

Virginia Vallina

Alicia Mónica Echeverría

INGLÉS I – INGENIERÍA EN AERONÁUTICA

Trabajo Práctico N° 4 sobre el Módulo 5

• Lee el siguiente texto1. Luego resuelve en castellano las consignas a continuación.

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How does a jet engine work? By Jason M. Rubin

Jet engines create forward thrust by taking in a large amount of air and discharging it as a high-speed jet of gas. The way they’re designed allows aircraft to fly faster and further

10    compared to propeller-driven aircraft. Their development and refinement over the course of the last 65 years has made commercial air travel more practical and profitable, opening the world to business and recreational travelers.

“A typical jet engine is a gas turbine,” says Jeff Defoe, a postdoctoral associate in the MIT Gas Turbine Laboratory. “At its simplest, it’s composed of a compressor, which has

15 blades like wings that spin very quickly. This draws in air and squishes it, making it a high- pressure gas. Then fuel is injected into the gas and ignited. This makes the gas both high- pressure and high-temperature.”

This high-pressure, high-temperature flaming flow of gas now goes through a turbine — essentially, another set of blades — that extracts energy from the gas, lowering the

20 pressure and temperature. “The turbine draws the gas through the engine and out the back through a nozzle that markedly increases the velocity at the expense of pressure — the pressure decreases while the velocity increases,” says Defoe. “It’s the force of the expulsion of gas that provides the thrust to move the aircraft forward.”

Aside from the compression/fuel-ignition/turbine-power aspect of the jet engine, the shell

25 around it also makes it more effective than an exposed propeller engine. “Without a shell around it, a propeller ‘sees’ air coming towards it at whatever speed the aircraft is traveling,” says Defoe. “This restricts how quickly the propeller can spin before the amount of resulting thrust tapers off, limiting the aircraft flight speed. Since the shell on the jet engine keeps the air entering the engine moving at nearly the same speed regardless of

30      flight speed, the aircraft can fly faster.”

These days, jet engines are even more advanced than the basic turbine construction described above. Now they have huge fans in front, and instead of shooting the gas out of the back directly, it goes through a second turbine which powers the fan up front.

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CONSIGNAS:

1. ¿Qué tipo de texto es?

RTA:  Descriptivo y argumentativo.

1. ¿Cómo producen el empuje los motores a reacción?

RTA: Los motores a reacción crean empuje hacia delante tomando una gran cantidad de aire y expulsándolo como un chorro de gas a gran velocidad.

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