MODALS OF DEDUCTION (Modales de deducción)

MODALS OF DEDUCTION (Modales de deducción)

Hay ciertas palabras que nos permiten construir enunciados que expresan deducción.

A veces deducimos cosas o hechos que parecen casi ciertos, no ciertos o con diversos grados de posibilidad.

Tales palabras que emplean para dichos fines reciben el nombre de modales de deducción (MODALS OF DEDUCTION).

HAVE TO (Tener que): Deduce cosas o hechos casi definitivamente ciertos (almost definitely true). Ej.:

There’s someone at the door. It has to be my sister because she said she was coming over. (Hay alguien en la puerta) Tiene que ser mi Hermana porque (ella) dijo que (ella) vendría.)

MUST (Duty): Deduce almost definitely certain things or events (almost definitely true). eg...

It’s 3:00 p.m and you haven’t eaten all day. You must be hungry. (Son las res de la tarde y tú no has comido en todo el día. Tú debes tener hambre.)

MUST NOT (Duty as neg.) Deduce things or almost definitely not true (almost definitely made.

There are certain words that allow us to construct sentences that express deduction.

Sometimes we deduce things or events that seem almost certain, not certain or with varying degrees of ability.

Such words used for these purposes are called modal deduction (Modals OF DEDUCTION)....

HAVE TO (Having to): Deduce almost definitely certain things or events (almost definitely true). Eg

There’s someone at the door. It has to be my sister because she said she was coming over. (Hay alguien en la puerta) Tiene que ser mi Hermana porque (ella) dijo que (ella) vendría.)

MUST (Deber): Deduce cosas o hechos casi definitivamente ciertos (almost definitely true). Ej.:

It’s 3:00 p.m and you haven’t eaten all day. You must be hungry. (Son las res de la tarde y tú no has comido en todo el día. Tú debes tener hambre.)

MUST NOT (Deber en forma neg.): Deduce cosas o hechos casi definitivamente no ciertos (almost definitely .

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