Pacto De Varsovia

La OTAN y el Pacto de Varsovia, resultaron dos grandes alianzas ante la posibilidad de un enfrentamiento bélico en Europa. Además, era casi la única salida que tenían algunos países para llevar adelante una carrera armamentista, junto con los planes nucleares y espaciales, sin condicionar sus respectivas economías.

NATO and the Warsaw Pact, were two big partnerships with the possibility of a military confrontation in Europe. In addition, it was almost the only way that had some countries to pursue an arms race with nuclear and space plans, without conditioning their economies.

Ahora bien, en el aspecto económico, significó la posibilidad de algunos países de permanecer en el ámbito de poder de las superpotencias, pero al mismo tiempo implicó una importante pérdida de sus soberanías en el plano político y militar. Las decisiones de los países miembros estaban muy condicionadas por las directivas de sus respectivas alianzas.

However, in economic terms, it meant the possibility of some countries to remain within the control of the superpowers, but also implied a significant loss of their sovereignty in the political and military. The decisions of the member countries were strongly influenced by the directives of their respective alliances.

Estados Unidos ejercía el poder hegemónico dentro de la OTAN, su presidente, era quien nombraba directamente al Comandante Aliado Supremo en Europa, que era la máxima autoridad militar de la alianza. Ese cargo, siempre fue ocupado por un general norteamericano, con lo cual los ejércitos de cada país eran controlados por la potencia más importante. Lo mismo pasaba en el Pacto de Varsovia, la Unión Soviética era el país líder del cual se desprendían todas las decisiones.

the Warsaw Pact, the Soviet Union was the leading country of which fell all off the decisions.

- Hungarian crisis

4 November 1956

- Czechoslovakian crisis

21 August 1968

- German reunification²

3 October 1990

- Disestablished 1 July 1991

The Hungarian Revolution[4] of 1956 (Hungarian: 1956-os forradalom) was a spontaneous nationwide revolt against the government of the People's Republic of Hungary and its Soviet-imposed policies, lasting from 23 October until 10 November 1956.

The revolt began as a student demonstration which attracted thousands as it marched through central Budapest to the Parliament building. A student delegation entering the radio building in an attempt to broadcast its demands was detained. When the delegation's release was demanded by the demonstrators outside, they were fired upon by the State Security Police (ÁVH) from within the building. The news spread quickly and disorder and violence erupted throughout the capital.

The revolt spread quickly across Hungary, and the government fell. Thousands organized into militias, battling the State Security Police (ÁVH) and Soviet troops. Pro-Soviet communists and ÁVH members were often executed or imprisoned, as former prisoners were released and armed. Impromptu councils wrested municipal control from the ruling Hungarian Working People's Party and demanded political changes. The new government formally disbanded the ÁVH, declared its intention to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact and pledged to re-establish free elections. By the end of October, fighting had almost stopped and a sense of normality began to return.

Czechoslovakian crisis

On the night of 20–21 August 1968, the Soviet Union and her main allies in the Warsaw Pact – Bulgaria, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), Hungary and Poland) – invaded the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in order to halt Alexander Dubček's

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