Book Review # 1 on Jeffrey Sach’s

Mateo Salazar

Book Review # 1 on Jeffrey Sach’s

The End of Poverty, Penguin press, New York 2005

To begin this critique we must say that Jeffrey Sachs is an American economist, "was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1954. Studied at Harvard, where he graduated (1976), master's (1978) and Ph.D. (1980). Has been a professor at Harvard 1980 to 2005, he was hired by the Columbia University and director of the Earth Institute, Quetelet Professor of Sustainable Development and Professor of Health Policy and Management ". (http://www.eumed.net/economistas/06/sachs. htm)

Recognized worldwide as one of the most important and influential economists in the world and for his assistance to several countries in the pursuit of development. Economist Jeffrey Sachs Ph.D. at Harvard University J. Sachs develops in an advisory role to other developing countries, generating through their work experience and academic background, a broad view of the problems and characteristics of developing countries. Sachs was invited to participate as a Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University, Institute whose mission is to develop a multidisciplinary approach to the solution of problems of the global economic and political reality today. The Institute aims to coordinate Sachs various programs from various disciplines for this multifaceted vision generated solutions to the complex problems in the global society.

His book "The End of Poverty" is a sum of several aimz that touch various topics, including: An account of their work experiences and perceptions in relation to third world countries. A second section, consisting a proposed reduction in extreme poverty in the world (which basically refers to the poor in Africa and parts of Asia);

And third, related to their learning and their recommendations in relation to globalization. Therefore Showing his perception of things, Sachs defends the position that economic development is not a zero sum game in which gains are reflected in other losses. Development is a game in which everyone can win. The author emphasizes that prosperity extends through the transfer of technology and its underlying ideas. More important than having certain national resources, such as coal or arable land, is the ability to apply modern ideas based on science, now the eminently practical application technology and collaborate in optimizing production. The good thing is that the ideas can be used over and over again, without ever run out.

In the third chapter of the text, because some countries fail to thrive, Sachs shows us his opinion from an economic perspective as it is from the work of agricultural land, where a family has no resources for production and transport is reason hinders their development and will be transmitted to subsequent generations, because of no or poor conditions found in either geographical, economic and others.

In regard to economic develop life the author presents eight categories of problems that can cause mostly stagnating economy of a country, including poverty, limiting household savings, since people just have what it takes to survive and reflect the lack of savings, the absence of trade and technological decline marked by geography and the difficult conditions limit productivity, reduction of natural resources, which are often the factors that negatively affect the growth in the population field, and productivity budget showing the limited resources it has to implement government policies that encourage development, among other factors as the absence of innovation, cultural barriers and natural resource depletion, so take them today and look at the problems to a possible solution.

This work focuses on analyzing how more than five-sixths of the world population are at least one step from extreme poverty and life is to fight for survival, and based on these characteristics and can reach out to that point to achieve true development, this objective is met only when all people can enjoy the basic levels of nutrition, water and sanitation services. food assistance among others, the author not only focuses on the approach of the solutions to alleviate the problems of poverty, also to discover its causes and what triggers them to achieve an effective way.

In the book The End of Poverty, by Jeffrey Sachs (2005), refers to the causes of poverty and possible solutions. This summary aboard the third chapter, "Why some countries fail to thrive," in which he discusses why some people achieve economic development, while those who are in a rung below the extreme poverty, as he mentioned, fail to advance. Supported by statistical data, which shows Sachs are the factors that enable or not economic growth, including the author notes the economic, social, political, environmental and ethical.

Sachs began its analysis by stating that economic development depends on four processes are performed in concurrency, such as savings, trade, technology and resource expansion. The author develops this thesis with the example of the growth of income of a peasant family, where the presence of these aspects imply increased income, while their absence would be observed a setback. In this first part, he concludes that in order to address this situation, development specialists must be aware of which of these processes is failing and thus make the adjustments needed to restore economic growth in these types of cases.

In contrast, the author argues that the stagnation of some countries respond to the following problems: poverty, tax cheating, cultural barriers, geopolitics, lack of innovation and demographic trap. Through statistical tables, the author notes that none of the rich countries stopped their growth, while the economy of poor countries suffered a decline. This is shown as countries with better social conditions (literacy, low fertility rates), are less prone to economic downturns. On the other hand, all Latin American countries, have difficulty demographic and try to solve these problems, mean high costs. Moreover, most of them are exposed to external shocks, both natural (earthquakes, floods, droughts) and economic (price fluctuation).

Moreover, Sachs suggests

...