Negociacion

INTRODUCTION

This paper breaks down the major geopolitical aspects of the third world's largest continent, Africa.

Africa has a population of 1,050,000 inhabitants, bordered to the north by the Mediterranean Sea, the west by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by the Atlantic and Indian Ocean and to the east by the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean, has strong alliances trade with the EU, U.S. and China. It consists of 54 member countries of the African Union with the exception of Morocco. Some islands and small countries are still colonies and not independent countries.

Over 50% of the population lives on less than a dollar a day, is the poorest continent on the planet, its GDP accounted for 2.6% of the world total.

In this paper, we delve more deeply some of the issues above and others such as the outlook for the region, the emerging countries.

Africa on the geopolitical context

Africa

Africa is a continent made up of 54 countries, which according to some estimates has at least 1,000 million inhabitants. In Africa we can find some of the world's poorest countries, however, are located precisely where the richest reserves of gold, diamonds and many different minerals.

In Africa almost half of its population lives on less than a dollar a day, the mortality rate among children under 5 is 140 per thousand, and life expectancy at birth is 54 years. Only 58 percent of the population has access to potable water, the illiteracy rate among people over 15 years is 41 percent, which is probably the most optimistic estimate. There are only 18 phones per 1,000 people in Africa.

In Africa human welfare indicators decreases. While resource reservation is required for the proper functioning of the global system is indirectly involved in the development of globalization in the interests of world powers.

Globalization in Africa serves as a continuation of the imperialist system applied by the world powers resulting in contemporary neoliberal globalization continues in the name of freedom and well-being

Africa is a continent that does not hide their wealth, but also the difficult situation which has always been this continent; social struggles between Africans and especially the powers of global geopolitics.

Africantimeline

Prehistoria 6000 - 1500 1600 - 1800 1900

emergence of the first hominids

emergence of Egyptian civilization

Foundation Cairo

Expansion of Islam

Trade gold in the Sahel region

Emergence of well-organized and centralized kingdoms

European Exploration

The slave trade

Nineteenth-century European explorers

Scramble for Africa and European conquest Bandung Conference

Cairo Conference

decolonization of Africa

Creating the Organization for African Unity

Emergence of the first hominids

The prehistory of Africa begins with the emergence of the first hominids about five million years, so the prehistoric period in Africa includes facts much older than the history of other continents populated by humans much later.

Emergence of Egyptian civilization

Egyptian civilization arose when grouped settlements on the banks of the middle and lower channel of the Nile

Foundation Cairo

It is the capital of Egypt, is the largest city in the Arab world, the Middle East and Africa, and the Egyptians often called simply the name of the country.

Trade gold in the Sahel region

Islam also spread through the interior of West Africa, as the religion of the meek of the Mali Empire.

Emergence of well organized and centralized kingdoms

The trade in gold and other commodities, led to the formation of aristocracies in the Sahel region, where a centralized sovereign trade with the North African coast. These empires esuvieron the Ghana Empire, the Mali Empire, Songhai Empire and the Kanem-Bornu.

European Exploration

During the fifteenth century, Henry the Navigator, son of King John I of Portugal, planned to acquire African territory for Portugal. Under his inspiration and direction some Portuguese navigators began a series of voyages of exploration that resulted in the circumnavigation of Africa and the establishment of Portuguese sovereignty over a large number of coastal areas.

The slave trade

The slave trade across the Atlantic later evolved, but end up becoming much larger and have a much greater impact. The increasing penetration of the Americas by the Portuguese, Spanish, English, French and Dutch, among others, led to a huge demand for labor in Brazil, Guyenne, the Caribbean and North America. Workers were required for agriculture, mining and other tasks. To meet this demand, we developed axtransatlantic slave trade.

European explorers of the nineteenth century

By the mid-nineteenth century, Protestant missions conducted missionary activities on the coast of Guinea, South Africa and Zanzibar domains. It took place between people who knew little Europeans.

Scramble for Africa and European conquest

Tales of a vast inland sea, and the "discovery" in 1840-1848, by Johann Ludwig Krapf and missionary Johannes Rebmann, Mount Kilimanjaro and Kenya, stimulated in Europe the desire for greater knowledge.

Bandung Conference

The Bandung Conference was a meeting of Asian and African states, most of whom had just gaining independence. It was organized by the great independence leaders: India's Nehru and Sukarno of Indonesia, as well as leaders from Pakistan, Burma and Sri Lanka. These five Asian countries invited other 25 to participate in the conference. In total, there were twenty-nine countries.

Decolonization of Africa

It is a process of independence of African nations that took place mainly after the Second World War, although Liberia was free to the mid nineteenth century, can be considered the first decolonized African state.

Most of Africa had been colonized during the Distribution of Africa, in the middle of the period known as the New Imperialism, during the second half of the nineteenth century. After the First World War, African independence movements took relevance, culminating in

...