Ingles-Presente Perfecto (PRESENT PERFECT WORD)

Present Perfect

• We use the Present Perfect Tense to talk about actions that started in the past but continue in the present.

Another uses of Present Perfect.

• * To express an experience that we have had. 
• Example
• Ben and Kim have been in New York three times
• I ´ve read “A clockwork orange” twice.
• Mark has seen a ghost in his house

• *To talk about an incomplete action that we are expected to complete.
• * Jim hasn´t done his homework yet
• * I haven´t finished my master degree yet

Completed actions
at an unspecified time in the past

• I´ve already heard that song, it´s really good
• She has done her homework, now she can go to the party
• Scientists have found the cure for AIDS
• Men have walked in the moon
• Structures of Present Perfect

Positive Structure

       Subject +HAVE/ HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE

• I have been in Madrid twice
•      You have had that nightmare all week
•     He has gone to that restaurant for 5 years
•     She has visited his parents 3 times in this week
•      It has been cloudy all week
•      They have eaten snake 4 times

• Negative Structure             
•      Subject+ HAVE/HAS NOT  + PAST PARTICIPLE 
• I haven´t bought milk in this week
•        You haven´t fought in a tournament in your life
•               He hasn´t written his book yet
•            Maria hasn´t seen his mother in this month
•               You haven´t run in a competence in a year

Structure for questions and short and long answers

• Have you done exercise in this month?
• Yes I have
• No I haven´t
• Yes I have done exercise in this month
• No I haven´t done exercise this month
• Has he read “Mein Kampf”?
• Yes, He has
• No he hasn´t
• Yes, He has read “Mein Kampf”
• No, He hasn´t read “Mein Kampf”

*We can use the present perfect with the next  expressions

• Since :  To express when something began
• Examples
• I have worked in this company since 1998
• Madonna has been a professional singer since 1981
• For:  We use FOR to express how long something has lasted
• Examples
• He has had that car for 5 years
• Mary and Charles have been married for 20 years
• It has rained for five hours

***Present Perfect using, already, yet, just, ever, never***

• Already , means that something happened earlier than we expected, usually goes after “have” or “has “ and before the main verb.
• Structure: S+ have/has+ already+ verb(past participle)
• Examples
• I have already done my homework
• She has already read “One hundred years of solitude”
• Peter and Louis have already seen “Paul McCartney” alive
• Yet, means that something we expected to happen has or hasn´t happened. Usually goes at the end of the sentence and we use it with negative and question structure.
• Structure: S+ haven´t /hasn´t + past participle+ yet
• Have/Has + S + Past Participle yet?
• Examples
• Have you done your homework yet?
• No, I haven´t done my homework yet

• We use just to express that something happened a moment ago
• Structure: S+ have/ has+ just + past participle
• Examples
         The cat has just caught a bird.
         The guests have just arrived.
         I have just finished my homework
• Have you finished your activities yet?
• No, We haven´t finished our activities yet

• Has she played Xbox One yet?
• No, she hasn´t played Xbox One yet
• We use ever in interrogative sentences:
  
     Have you ever been to the United States?
• 
     Have you ever traveled by train?
• 
     Have you ever failed a class?

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