Pas y seguridad.

INTRODUCTION

The right to peace and security is a right that belongs to all mankind, and that came as a result of events that occurred during World War II, and the situation after this that determined the existence of the Cold War, which it involved two great powers, the USSR communist and capitalist United States in an arms race that put the entire planet in a risky situation of outbreak of nuclear war. For that reason, one of the main objectives of states together was to make a world disarmament campaign.

However, the right to peace should not be reduced solely to the absence of war, but it also implies the right to security and to be protected against acts of violence and to oppose violations of human rights.

This right to peace and security includes the right to require States, and in particular the most powerful militarily, the establishment of an international system of collective security in accordance with the principles of the United Nations Charter and resolution peaceful means of international crises and conflicts, which means that the operations of the United Nations and other international organizations such as NATO, duly subordinated and under the guidance of the United Nations, are aimed at peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance .

Therefore human rights are an essential place in the current concept of peace. Constituting Peace, a concept that encompasses the different generations of human rights, for it will address first the context of it at international, national and regional level; to conclude with the construction of peace which is the ultimate purpose of education, which today is hoping to find or at least grow a better tomorrow surrounded by peace and security.

DEVELOPMENT

The UN

UN international organization created after the Great War, proclaimed in Article 1 of its Charter purposes of the institution are to maintain peace and security among nations, taking measures of collective type to prevent and eliminate any attack peace, and that all conflicts are resolved by peaceful means, promoting friendly relations between the peoples of the various states, based on two principles: equality and self-determination of peoples. The Security Council of the UN is the body responsible for carrying out this purpose, according to Article 39 of the United Nations Charter, trying to maintain peace and security to any act of aggression, although sometimes could not perform.

"Consequently peace and security objectives are concomitant with sustainable human development, for without peace and security there can hardly be development and respect for human rights."

Disarmament is likely to be an alternative solution to this aspect, because it would allocate a huge amount of economic, technical and human resources to these objectives; however we must agree that a more effective alternative could be the re-education or work in a reengineering of the thematic content of education to dare her people judiciously forming about peace and security the same as safely generate a climate peace and confidence among nations in the world, based on a permanent, respectful and constructive dialogue, both bilateral and multilateral, through which these nations can resolve their disputes peacefully.
"The culture of peace is a persecuted throughout history seeking better organize the world, obviously based on the sacred right to live together, defined as the set of values, attitudes, traditions, behaviors and lifestyles alternative They inspire a constructive and creative way of relating with the sole aim of achieving as utopian harmony among human beings. "

Today the human right to live in peace as an individual right and a collective right is the cornerstone of all other human rights.

"The essential factor at this point is not theoretical discussion on the binding degree of the right to peace, but to ensure that this moral duty, political, legal and social sued by citizens of our planet respected the independence or not that norm."
Unfortunately, the legislation does not guarantee compliance with peace and security. Because if garantista we would not be victims of so much abuse and violation of human rights.

CONFLICT PREVENTION

Conflict prevention remains one of the highest priority objectives for the United Nations. At present, preventive action goes beyond the traditional preventive diplomacy, so it numerous UN entities related to a wide variety of disciplines involved. Some examples are the eradication of poverty and development, human rights and the rule of law, or elections, the consolidation of democratic institutions and arms control.

The Department of Political Affairs participates very actively in these efforts: monitoring and assessing global political developments; advising the UN Secretary General on actions that could advance the path to peace; offering support and guidance to UN envoys for peace and those involved in the political field missions; and putting the direct service of Member States, through electoral assistance and support for the work of the Security Council and other UN agencies.

PEACE-KEEPING

The first peacekeeping mission of the UN was established in 1948 when the Security Council authorized the deployment of United Nations Truce Supervision Organization to monitor the General Armistice between Israel and its Arab neighbors. Since then, there have been a total of 64 peacekeeping operations of the UN worldwide.
Over the years, the maintenance of UN peacekeeping has evolved to meet the requirements of different conflicts and a changing political landscape. Born at the time when the rivalries of the Cold War paralyzed often the Security Council, the objectives of peacekeeping UN were limited roughly to preserve prosecutions represent fire and stabilize the situation in the field struggle, to focus efforts on the political level and solve conflicts peacefully.
The peacekeeping UN expanded in the 1990s, as the end of the Cold War created new opportunities to end civil wars through arrangements negotiated peace. He got away with a large number of conflicts, either through direct mediation of the UN, or through the efforts that others carried out with the support of the UN. Some of the countries that have received assistance are El Salvador, Guatemala, Namibia, Cambodia, Mozambique, Tajikistan, Sierra Leone and Burundi. As the decade drew to a close, constant crises led to the establishment of new operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Central African Republic, East Timor, Sierra Leone and Kosovo.
The nature of conflicts has also changed over the years. Although originally developed as a means to resolve disputes between States, the peacekeeping UN has had to increasingly apply to interstate conflicts and civil wars. Although the military remain the strongest part of most operations peacekeeping, peacekeepers today participates in a variety of complex tasks, from helping to strengthen institutions strong and durable government, through the monitoring of human rights and reform of the security sector to disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of former combatants, and demining.
The Operations Department of Peacekeeping, provides political and executive direction to the operations of peacekeeping UN and remains in contact with the Security Council, the contributors of money and troops, and the parts that make the conflict to implement the mandates of the Security Council. The Department seeks to integrate UN efforts with governmental and non-governmental entities in the context of peacekeeping operations. It also provides support DPKO military actions, policies and actions mine, among other matters that are relevant to political missions and peacekeeping UN.
In 2007, the DPKO was dissolved with the establishment of the Department of Support for Field. This organization offers support and dedicated to peacekeeping and political field missions in the areas of finance and budget orientation; personnel and human resources; logistics and information and communication technology.

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