Phonetics and Phonology

Phonetics & Phonology

Around the world there are many different ways to speak. Languages are something that make every country special. Languages are part of the culture of the countries. In Spain and Latin America for example, the Spanish is different in each country, the culture and the everyday’s life of the people is always present in the way they speak, we can notice of that listening at some words or sentences that people always use. In English language it happens the same and that is what we’re are going to focus in this essay.

Phonetics and Phonology belong to one of the four core areas of linguistic (Skandera,2005 p.15) and are most related with the spoken language more than the written language (Ladefoged, 1993 p.1). They are related with the sound system and the speech sound.(Skandera 2005)

Phonetics

Phonetics are related with the sound system and approaches to the action of each organ at the moment of speaking.(Skandera 2005)  For understanding better phonetics, we divide phonetics in three:

Articulatory Phonetics: Here is studied the movement of the organs or articulators. What organs should we articulate or move for making an specific sound? That Is what we can focus in articulatory phonetics. This is not used exclusively for speech sounds, but I also breathing and eating. Speech is only a secondary activity and it is closely connected with breathing.(Finch, 1982 p.8).

Acoustic Phonetics: Here we can focus in the sounds. When the organs are in an specific position and we make a sound that’s when  the acoustic phonetics are present. The sounds by themselves. Skandera Said: Studies the physical properties of speech sounds, the way in which the air vibrates as sounds pass from speaker to listener. This is very important because here we realize that speech sounds have a meaning all that makes a language and it is necessary to communicate with other persons.

Auditory Phonetics: we always need an speaker and a listener. The auditory phonetics concerned about how the sounds are listened by the listener, the perception and how everything is sent from the ear to the brain. That is what auditory phonetics study. An auditory description makes use of labels which describe the kind of auditory impression perceived by the listener (Finch, 1982 p.12)

Phonology

There are many sounds that can pronounced or articulated, many different words and sentences. The phonology is focused in How the speaker and the listener understand all these sounds and words, how the people understand a language and all the knowledge they have to know. The phonology is divided in Segmental Phonology and Suprasegmetal Phonology the first one is about the segmentation or separation of the sounds and the second one is focused in the parts that cannot be segmented (Skandera, 2005) This Is also called prosody.

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