Picasso Vida Y Obra

Picasso" redirects here. For other uses, see Picasso (disambiguation).

This name uses Spanish naming customs; the first or paternal family name is Ruiz and the second or maternal family name is Picasso.

Pablo Picasso

Pablo Picasso, 1908-1909

Birth name Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso[1]

Born (1881-10-25)25 October 1881

Málaga, Spain

Died 8 April 1973(1973-04-08) (aged 91)

Mougins, France

Spouse Olga Khokhlova (1918–55)

Jacqueline Roque (1961–73)

Nationality Spanish

Field Painting, Drawing, Sculpture, Printmaking, Ceramics

Training José Ruiz y Blasco (father),

Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando

Movement Cubism

Works Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907)

Guernica (1937)

The Weeping Woman (1937)

Pablo Ruiz y Picasso, known as Pablo Picasso (Spanish: [ˈpaβlo piˈkaso]; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist, and stage designer who spent most of his adult life in France. As one of the greatest and most influential artists of the 20th century, he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement, the invention of constructed sculpture,[2][3] the co-invention of collage, and for the wide variety of styles that he helped develop and explore. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and Guernica (1937), a portrayal of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War.

Picasso, Henri Matisse and Marcel Duchamp are regarded as the three artists who most defined the revolutionary developments in the plastic arts in the opening decades of the 20th century, responsible for significant developments in painting, sculpture, printmaking and ceramics.[4][5][6][7]

Picasso demonstrated extraordinary artistic talent in his early years, painting in a realistic manner through his childhood and adolescence. During the first decade of the 20th century, his style changed as he experimented with different theories, techniques, and ideas. His revolutionary artistic accomplishments brought him universal renown and immense fortune, making him one of the best-known figures in 20th-century art.

Contents [hide]

1 Art

1.1 Before 1901

1.2 Blue Period

1.3 Rose Period

1.4 African-influenced Period

1.5 Cubism

1.6 Classicism and surrealism

1.7 Later works

2 Life

2.1 Early life

2.2 Career beginnings

2.3 Personal life

2.3.1 War years and beyond

2.4 Death

2.5 Children

3 Political views

4 Artistic legacy

4.1 Recent major exhibitions

5 See also

6 Notes

7 References

8 External links

8.1 Essays

8.2 Museums

Art“ Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth. ”

— Pablo Picasso[8]

Prolific as a draftsman, sculptor, and printmaker, Picasso's primary medium was painting. He usually painted from imagination or memory, and worked in many different styles throughout his career. Although he used color as an expressive element, he relied on drawing rather than subtleties of color to create form and space. A nanoprobe of Picasso's The Red Armchair (1931) by physicists at Argonne National Laboratory in 2012 confirmed art historians' belief that Picasso used common house paint in many of his paintings.[9]

La Vie (1903), Cleveland Museum of Art

The Old Guitarist (1903), Chicago Art Institute

Pablo Picasso, 1905, Garçon à la pipe, (Boy with a Pipe), Rose Period

Family of Saltimbanques, 1905

Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), Museum of Modern Art, New YorkPicasso’s work is often categorized into periods. While the names of many of his later periods are debated, the most commonly accepted periods in his work are the Blue Period (1901–1904), the Rose Period (1905–1907), the African-influenced Period (1908–1909), Analytic Cubism (1909–1912), and Synthetic Cubism (1912–1919).

In 1939–40 the Museum of Modern Art in New York City, under its director Alfred Barr, a Picasso enthusiast, held a major retrospective of Picasso's principal works until that time. This exhibition lionized the artist, brought into full public view in America the scope of his artistry, and resulted in a reinterpretation of his work by contemporary art historians and scholars.[10]

Picasso was exceptionally prolific throughout his long lifetime. The total number of artworks he produced has been estimated at 50,000, comprising 1,885 paintings; 1,228 sculptures; 2,880 ceramics, roughly 12,000 drawings, many thousands of prints, and numerous tapestries and rugs.[11]

Before 1901Picasso’s training under his father began before 1890. His progress can be traced in the collection of early works now held by the Museu Picasso in Barcelona, which provides one of the most comprehensive records extant of any major artist’s beginnings.[12] During 1893 the juvenile quality of his earliest work falls away, and by 1894 his career as a painter can be said to have begun.[13] The academic realism apparent in the works of the mid-1890s is well displayed in The First Communion (1896), a large composition that depicts his sister, Lola. In the same year, at the age of 14, he painted Portrait of Aunt Pepa, a vigorous and dramatic portrait that Juan-Eduardo Cirlot has called "without a doubt one of the greatest in the whole history of Spanish painting."[14]

In 1897 his realism became tinged with Symbolist influence, in a series of landscape paintings rendered in non naturalistic violet and green tones. What some call his Modernist period (1899–1900) followed. His exposure to the work of Rossetti, Steinlen, Toulouse-Lautrec and Edvard Munch, combined with his admiration for favorite old masters such as El Greco, led Picasso to a personal version of modernism in his works of this period.[15]

Blue PeriodFor more details on this topic, see Picasso's Blue Period.

Picasso’s Blue Period (1901–1904) consists of somber paintings rendered in shades of blue and blue-green, only occasionally warmed by other colors. This period’s starting point is uncertain; it may have begun in Spain in early 1901, or in Paris in the second half of the year.[16] Many paintings of gaunt mothers with children date from this period. In his austere use of color and sometimes doleful subject matter – prostitutes and beggars are frequent subjects

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