ENGLISH TENSES

English work

1. Present tenses:

Simple present:

(+) subject+ infinitive verb + complement (verb+s/es in third person)

(-) subject+ do/does + not+ inifinitive verb + complement

(?) Do/does+ subject+ inifinitive verb

Uses:

• Routins:

Example: I dance zumba fitness on Monday and thuesday

• Facts:

Example: Rancagua is in chile

• Future meaning:

Example: the school start tomorrow in the morning

Rules for spelling:

 Verbs ending in a sibilant (s),(z),(ch) or verbs ending in –o precedent by a consonant, we add – ess to the infinitive

 Verbs ending in –y

 3rd personal singular( he, she, it) infinitive+ -s

Present continuous:

(+) subject+ am/is/are+ verb-ing+ complement

(-) subject+ am/is/are+ not+ verb-ing+ complement

(?) Am/is/are+ subject+ verb-ing

Uses:

• Action in progress

Example: I am studying English right now

• future meanings:

I am meeting my grandmother after school

Rules for spelling:

 If the verbs ends in consonant + stresses vowel double the last letter

Present perfect:

(+) subject+ has/have+ verb participle+ complement

(-) subject+ has/have+ not+ participle verb+ complement

(?) Has/have+ subject+ participle verb

Uses:

• Action in an indefinite past

Example: I have been in Argentina

• Repitite action

I have studied to Instituto O’Higgins for 9 years

• Began in the past and continuous up to the present

Example: my grandfather has been a doctor for twenty years

Rules for spelling:

 Consonant after a short, stressed vowel at the end of the word

 Verbs ending in –y processed by a vowel add –ed

Present perfect continuous:

(+) subject+ has/have+ been+ verb-ing+ complement

(-) subject+ has/have+ not+ been+ verb-ing

(?) Have / has + subject+ been+ verb-ing

Uses:

• Duration after action that began in the past and continuous to the present

Example: I have been working in this English activity for the last three days

• Recent general activity

Example: recently, I have been brushing my teeth

Rules for spelling:

 Final –ie becomes y

1. Past tenses:

Simple past:

(+) subject+ verb –ed or irregular verbs+ complement

(-) subject+ did+ not + infinitive verbs

(?) Did+ subject+ infinitive verbs

Uses:

• Actions that began and ended in the past:

Example: I went to supermarket last night

• Time clouses:

Example: I studied English when my sister interrupted me

Rules for spelling:

 Regular verbs ending in a consonant + y take /ied/ y becomes on I followed by -ed

Past continuous:

(+) subject+ was/were + verb-ing+ complement

(-) subject+ was/were + not+ verb-ing

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