Conditionals

CONDITIONALS 0, 1, 2, 3

Conditional 0

Conditional 0 is formed by the use of the present simple in the if clause followed by a comma the present simple in the result clause. You can also put the result clause first without using a comma between the clauses.

The zero conditional is used for common truths, stuff which is always true.

Structure

Both verb forms are in the present.

The “if” can be replaced by “when” or “whenever”.

Examples:

• If you heat water to 100 degrees Celsius, it boils.

• If you don't eat for a long time, you get hungry.

• If the sea is stormy, the waves are high.

If he comes to town, we have dinner.

Or

we have dinner if he comes to town.

Note

This use is similar to, and can usually be replaced by, a time clause using “when” (example: When I am late, my father takes me to school.)

If I am late, my father takes me to school.

She doesn't worry if Jack stays out after school.

Formula

If clause Main clause

If + Present tense Present tense

If you freeze water it turns into ice.

Examples:

• If you mix white and black paint, you get grey.

• If you heat butter, it melts.

• If you put water in a cooler, it freezes.

• If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.

• If you cross an international date line, the time changes.

• If you drop ice in water, it floats.

• If iron gets wet, it rusts.

• If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

• If I work too much, I get tired.

• If I have time, I usually go to the movies.

• If she eats hamburgers, she gets an allergy.

• If they come here, they always bring a present.

• If she doesn't know the answer, she keeps silent.

• If we don't go out on Saturdays, we rent a video and stay home.

Conditional 1st

The first conditional is used for conditions that are POSSIBLE or PROBABLE to come true.

Often called the "real" conditional because it is used for real - or possible - situations. These situations take place if a certain condition is met.

Examples:

If it rains, we will stay at home.

He will arrive late unless he hurries up.

Peter will buy a new car, if he gets his raise.

Conditional 1 is formed by the use of the present simple in the if clause followed by a comma will verb (base form) in the result clause. You can also put the result clause first without using a comma between the clauses.

If he finishes on time, we will go to the movies.

Or

We will go to the movies if he finishes on time.

Structure

The conditional verb is the present verb form and consequence verb is normally the will future

Formula

If clause Main clause

If + Present tense will / can / may / must + verb

If it rains today, I'll stay at home

Example:

• If it rains on Sunday, we will not go swimming.

• I will tell dad if you don't help me.

• If it rains today, I'll stay at home.

• If he is busy now, I will come back tomorrow.

• If I have time, I'll visit my parents this afternoon.

• If it is warm tomorrow, we'll go to the beach.

• If it is cold, you must wear warm clothes.

• If he doesn't do his homework, he can not go to the party.

• If she doesn't call you, you can call her.

• If you work hard, you may become a millionaire someday.

• If you spend more than you earn, you'll become a poor man.

• If they don't invite you, you must not go.

• If we don't hurry, we'll miss our bus.

• If you pay now, you'll get a discount.

• If they don't want to go out, they can stay home

• If you drink too much, you'll get drunk.

• If you feel sick, you must stay in bed.

• If they don't come here, we'll have to go there.

Conditional 2nd

The second conditional is used for things that are not true now and also

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