Epistemologia

The brain is like a black-box; it is not easy to know what there is inside of it.

Language learning: when we use books, teachers and techniques to learn a language.

Language acquisition: it is the natural way to learn a language.

Levels of linguistic analysis of dialects:

1) Pronunciation..

2) Morphology.

3) Lexicology.

4) Grammar.

5) Semantics.

6) Non-verbal language.

Body language.

Chronomic.

Proxemics.

Objectics.

Tuesday, March 27th, 20012.

BASIC COMPONENTS OF LANGUAGE

• Phonetic.

o Vowels.

o Consonants.

o Diphthongs.

o Intonation.

o Stress.

• Language disorder.

o Speech.

o Listening.

o Reading.

o Writing.

• Lexicology of English (Characterization).

• Terminology.

• Morphology (Morphemes). Teaches

Free morpheme Bound morpheme

• Grammar English.

o Kind of sentences.

• Language and gender.

• Sexism in language.

• Language and politics.

• Language and brain.

• Child language.

• Sociolinguistics.

o Social dialectic (register).

o Geographical dialects.

• Indigenize language.

• Non verbal language (Body language).

• Semantics (meaning of words) (theory of signs).

• Animal learning.

• Language learning.

• Pragmatic.

• Speech act theory.

• Phraseology.

• Differences between written and spoken English.

• Computational language.

Thursday, March 29th, 2012.

LEVELS OF LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS

Phoneme Phonetic level Phonetics Phonetician

Phonological Phonology Phonologist

Morpheme Morphological Morphology Morphologist

Word Lexical Lexicology (Theory)

Lexicography (Material)

Phrase Phrase

Phrase logical Phraseology Phrase logist

Sentence Syntactical Syntax

Grammatical Grammar Grammarian

Seme (unidad de significado) Semantical Semantics Semanticist

Text Textual Textology

Text linguistics Text linguistic

Speech act Pragmatic pragmatics

“Language is a system of rules in my mind.” Ferdinadd’Saussure.

CONTEXT OF THE SITUATION INVOLVES

• Sex of speakers.

• Age of speakers.

• Education of speakers.

• Topic of conversation.

• Location.

• Regional variety of the speakers.

• Social variety (register).

• Cultural norms.

Tuesday, April 10th, 2012. Teacher did not go to class.

Thursday, April 12th, 2012.

BASICS COMPONENT OF LANGUAGE

• Brain in language.

• Language acquisition.

• Child second language acquisition.

• Language learning.

• Foreign learning acquisition.

MEANING OF WORDS:

1) Dictionary meaning.

2) Referential meaning.

3) Contextual meaning.

4) Affective meaning.

5) Thematic meaning (a word has a meaning according to a discipline).

6) Chronological meaning.

7) Grammatical meaning.

8) Phonostatic meaning.

9) Political meaning.

10) Religious meaning.

11) Geographical meaning.

12) Nationality meaning.

13) Social class meaning.

14) Technical meaning.

15) Symbolic meaning.

16) Cultural meaning.

17) Pragmatic meaning (context).

18) Gender/sex meaning.

19) Age.

PRESENTATIONS:

Brain and language (Juan Pablo Marin) (08/05/12)

Vocabulary:

Neuro-anatomy.

PET: position emission tomography

MRI

Aphasiology: is the study of linguistic problems resulting from brain damage.

Assertion.

Cortex: the outermost or superficial layer of an organ.

Boundary: a line marking the limits of an area.

Feat: an achievement requiring great courage, skill, or strength.

Plausible: apparently reasonable or probable, without necessarily being so.

Peripheral: near the surface of the body.

Pons: the part of the brainstem that links the medulla oblongata and the thalamus.

Spot: a small round or roundish mark, differing in colour or texture from the surface around it.

Layer: a sheet or thickness of material, typically one of several, covering a surface or body.

Nodes: a lymph node or other structure consisting of a small mass of differentiated tissue.

BRAIN’S PARTS:

1) Medulla oblongata.

2) Pons and cerebellum.

3) Midbrain.

4) Thalamus and hypothalamus.

5) Cerebral hemispheres.

a) Cerebral cortex.

b)

Bottom up modeling.

Top-down modeling.

KINDS OF EVIDENCE:

1) First base:

The organs and processes.

2) Second base:

The people say and write which are also things that people comprehend.

3) Third base:

Linguistics processes.

4) Fourth evidence:

Neurocognitive base.

CHILD LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

The basic requirement acquisition of a language is:

Expose

Physical fitness

Stage of language acquisition:

• Pre-linguistic period:

• Cooing: when the babies just cry

Babbling: when they start to pronounce some words.

Linguistic period:

• The holophrastic stage: a single word to express a complex idea

• The two-word utterances.

Tuesday, April 17th, 2012.

GRAMMATICAL TRANSLATION METHODS

• -Audio lingualism/ Oral approach.

• Natural approach.

• Communicative approach.

• TPR= total physical approach method.

• Silent way.

• Community language learning.

Grammar translation method uses: Etymology, grammar, semantic, lexical and grammatical level.

Oral approach uses: Phonetic, phonetical level.

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